"I love the app"
197
Sub Topics
553
MCQs
341
MCOs
448
True/False
236
Fill Blanks
114
Rearrange
231
Matching
132
Comprehensions
246
Flashcard Decks
Curriculum
What You'll Learn
01 Foundations of Public Policy 3 topics
1 Introduction to Public Policy
- Definitions and Scope
- Evolution of Public Policy Studies
- Importance of Public Policy in Governance
2 Theoretical Frameworks
- Rational Choice Theory
- Incrementalism
- Systems Theory
- Institutional Approaches
- Network Theory
3 Public Interest and Policy Goals
- Defining Public Interest
- Balancing Competing Interests
- Equity vs. Efficiency
- Short-term vs. Long-term Goals
02 Policy Process and Analysis 3 topics
1 The Policy Cycle
- Agenda Setting
- Policy Formulation
- Policy Adoption
- Implementation
- Evaluation
- Termination or Continuation
2 Policy Analysis Methodologies
- Cost-Benefit Analysis
- Risk Assessment
- Feasibility Studies
- Impact Assessment
- Stakeholder Analysis
3 Evidence-Based Policymaking
- Role of Data in Policy Decisions
- Research Methods for Policy Analysis
- Limitations and Challenges
03 Policy Actors and Institutions 3 topics
1 Government Institutions
- Executive Branch
- Legislative Branch
- Judiciary
- Bureaucracy and Administrative Agencies
2 Non-Governmental Actors
- Interest Groups and Lobbying
- Think Tanks and Research Organizations
- Media and Public Opinion
- Civil Society Organizations
3 International Actors
- International Organizations
- Foreign Governments
- Multinational Corporations
- Global Civil Society
04 Political Economy of Public Policy 3 topics
1 Market Failures and Government Intervention
- Public Goods and Externalities
- Information Asymmetry
- Monopoly and Competition Policy
2 Fiscal Policy
- Taxation Systems
- Public Expenditure
- Budget Process and Management
- Public Debt Management
3 Regulatory Policy
- Theories of Regulation
- Regulatory Design and Implementation
- Regulatory Impact Analysis
- Deregulation and Regulatory Reform
05 Social Policy 4 topics
1 Health Policy
- Healthcare Systems and Financing
- Public Health Initiatives
- Health Insurance and Access
- Health Inequalities
2 Education Policy
- Education Systems and Governance
- Funding and Resource Allocation
- Educational Outcomes and Accountability
- Higher Education Policy
3 Welfare and Social Security
- Income Support Programs
- Social Insurance
- Housing Policy
- Anti-Poverty Initiatives
4 Labor Market Policy
- Employment Protection
- Workforce Development
- Minimum Wage Policy
- Work-Family Balance Policies
06 Environmental and Energy Policy 3 topics
1 Environmental Protection
- Air and Water Quality Regulation
- Waste Management
- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
- Land Use Planning
2 Climate Change Policy
- Mitigation Strategies
- Adaptation Planning
- International Climate Agreements
- Carbon Pricing Mechanisms
3 Energy Policy
- Energy Security and Independence
- Renewable Energy Development
- Nuclear Energy
- Energy Efficiency Programs
07 Economic Development and Innovation Policy 3 topics
1 Industrial Policy
- Sectoral Development Strategies
- Trade Policy and Protectionism
- Investment Promotion
- Small Business Development
2 Innovation and Technology Policy
- Research and Development Support
- Intellectual Property Rights
- Technology Transfer
- Digital Economy Regulation
3 Regional and Urban Development
- Urban Planning and Smart Cities
- Regional Disparities and Cohesion
- Infrastructure Development
- Rural Development Strategies
08 International and Security Policy 3 topics
1 Foreign Policy
- Diplomatic Relations
- International Aid and Development
- Migration and Refugee Policy
- Trade Agreements
2 Security Policy
- National Defense
- Counter-terrorism
- Cybersecurity
- Intelligence and Surveillance
3 Global Governance
- International Institutions
- Transnational Policy Coordination
- Global Public Goods
- Sovereignty and Intervention
09 Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Public Policy 4 topics
1 Gender Policy
- Gender Mainstreaming
- Women's Economic Empowerment
- Reproductive Rights
- Gender-Based Violence
2 Race and Ethnicity
- Anti-discrimination Policy
- Affirmative Action
- Cultural Identity and Rights
- Addressing Historical Injustices
3 Disability Policy
- Accessibility Standards
- Inclusive Education
- Employment Support
- Independent Living Initiatives
4 LGBTQ+ Rights and Policies
- Anti-discrimination Protections
- Same-Sex Marriage and Family Rights
- Healthcare Access
- Gender Identity Recognition
10 Technology and Information Policy 3 topics
1 Digital Governance
- E-Government Initiatives
- Digital Divide
- Open Government Data
- Digital Identity Systems
2 Information and Communications Policy
- Telecommunications Regulation
- Broadband Access
- Media Ownership and Content Regulation
- Public Broadcasting
3 Emerging Technology Regulation
- Artificial Intelligence Governance
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
- Autonomous Systems
- Privacy and Data Protection
11 Public Policy Implementation and Management 3 topics
1 Policy Design for Effective Implementation
- Policy Instruments and Tools
- Compliance Mechanisms
- Target Population Considerations
- Institutional Design
2 Governance and Public Administration
- Public Sector Organization
- Civil Service Systems
- Public-Private Partnerships
- Networks and Collaborative Governance
3 Performance Management
- Monitoring and Evaluation
- Performance Metrics and Indicators
- Accountability Mechanisms
- Learning and Adaptation
12 Ethics, Accountability, and Reform 3 topics
1 Ethics in Public Policy
- Values and Normative Frameworks
- Ethical Decision-making
- Conflicts of Interest
- Transparency and Integrity
2 Democratic Accountability
- Representation and Responsiveness
- Citizen Participation
- Electoral Systems and Policy Outcomes
- Parliamentary Oversight
3 Public Sector Reform
- New Public Management
- Post-NPM Paradigms
- Administrative Modernization
- Decentralization and Devolution
13 Comparative Public Policy 3 topics
1 Welfare State Models
- Liberal
- Conservative-Corporatist
- Social Democratic
- Mediterranean/Southern European
2 Policy Transfer and Diffusion
- Lesson-Drawing Across Jurisdictions
- Policy Convergence and Divergence
- Best Practices and Benchmarking
- Contextual Adaptation
3 Regional Policy Systems
- North American Models
- European Approaches
- East Asian Development States
- Global South Perspectives
14 Future Challenges in Public Policy 4 topics
1 Demographic Changes
- Aging Populations
- Migration and Diversity
- Urbanization
- Population Health Trends
2 Technological Transformation
- Automation and the Future of Work
- Digital Economy Governance
- Biotechnology and Genetic Innovation
- Space Policy
3 Global Challenges
- Sustainable Development Goals
- Pandemics and Global Health Security
- Resource Scarcity
- Geopolitical Power Shifts
4 Resilience and Adaptation
- Crisis Management
- System Resilience
- Anticipatory Governance
- Transformative Policy Approaches
15 Research Methods for Public Policy 4 topics
1 Quantitative Methods
- Statistical Analysis
- Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Design
- Survey Research
- Big Data Analytics
2 Qualitative Methods
- Case Studies
- Interviews and Focus Groups
- Content Analysis
- Ethnographic Approaches
3 Mixed Methods Approaches
- Triangulation Strategies
- Sequential Designs
- Integration Techniques
- Validity and Reliability
4 Communication and Dissemination
- Policy Briefs and Reports
- Stakeholder Engagement
- Visualization Techniques
- Knowledge Translation
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