Understand economic principles and market dynamics
318
Sub Topics
870
MCQs
445
MCOs
658
True/False
355
Fill Blanks
137
Rearrange
354
Matching
202
Comprehensions
336
Flashcard Decks
Curriculum
What You'll Learn
01 Introduction to Economics 4 topics
1 Definition and Scope of Economics
- Basic Economic Problems
- Scarcity and Choice
- Opportunity Cost
2 Economic Methodology
- Positive vs. Normative Economics
- Economic Models and Assumptions
- Ceteris Paribus
3 Economic Systems
- Market Economy
- Command Economy
- Mixed Economy
4 History of Economic Thought
- Classical Economics
- Neoclassical Economics
- Keynesian Economics
- Monetarism
- New Classical Economics
- Behavioral Economics
02 Microeconomics Foundations 4 topics
1 Demand Theory
- Law of Demand
- Determinants of Demand
- Elasticity of Demand
- Consumer Surplus
2 Supply Theory
- Law of Supply
- Determinants of Supply
- Elasticity of Supply
- Producer Surplus
3 Market Equilibrium
- Equilibrium Price and Quantity
- Changes in Equilibrium
- Price Controls
- Taxes and Subsidies
4 Consumer Theory
- Utility Maximization
- Budget Constraints
- Indifference Curves
- Income and Substitution Effects
03 Production and Costs 3 topics
1 Production Theory
- Factors of Production
- Production Functions
- Returns to Scale
- Technological Change
2 Cost Theory
- Economic vs. Accounting Costs
- Short-run Costs
- Long-run Costs
- Economies and Diseconomies of Scale
3 Profit Maximization
- Marginal Revenue and Marginal Cost
- Short-run Profit Maximization
- Long-run Profit Maximization
- Break-even Analysis
04 Market Structures 5 topics
1 Perfect Competition
- Characteristics
- Short-run Equilibrium
- Long-run Equilibrium
- Efficiency of Perfect Competition
2 Monopoly
- Characteristics
- Profit Maximization
- Price Discrimination
- Deadweight Loss
3 Monopolistic Competition
- Characteristics
- Short-run and Long-run Equilibrium
- Product Differentiation
- Excess Capacity
4 Oligopoly
- Characteristics
- Game Theory and Strategic Behavior
- Collusion and Cartels
- Price Leadership
5 Market Structure Comparisons
- Price and Output Differences
- Efficiency Comparisons
- Innovation and Dynamic Efficiency
05 Factor Markets 3 topics
1 Labor Markets
- Labor Demand
- Labor Supply
- Wage Determination
- Human Capital
2 Capital Markets
- Present Value and Discounting
- Investment Decisions
- Rate of Return
- Capital Market Efficiency
3 Land and Natural Resources
- Economic Rent
- Resource Allocation
- Sustainability Considerations
- Resource Pricing
06 Market Failure and Government Intervention 4 topics
1 Externalities
- Positive and Negative Externalities
- Coase Theorem
- Pigouvian Taxes and Subsidies
- Cap and Trade Systems
2 Public Goods
- Characteristics
- Free-rider Problem
- Optimal Provision
- Public Choice Theory
3 Common Resources
- Tragedy of the Commons
- Resource Management
- Sustainable Development
- Collective Action Solutions
4 Information Asymmetry
- Adverse Selection
- Moral Hazard
- Signaling
- Market Solutions
07 Income Distribution and Inequality 4 topics
1 Measurements of Inequality
- Lorenz Curve
- Gini Coefficient
- Quintile Analysis
- Other Inequality Metrics
2 Theories of Income Distribution
- Marginal Productivity Theory
- Rent-seeking Behavior
- Institutional Factors
- Demographic Factors
3 Poverty
- Definitions and Measurement
- Causes of Poverty
- Poverty Reduction Strategies
- Social Safety Nets
4 Redistribution Policies
- Taxation
- Transfer Programs
- Policy Evaluation
- Efficiency-Equity Trade-offs
08 Macroeconomic Measures and Concepts 4 topics
1 National Income Accounting
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- Gross National Product (GNP)
- National Income
- Personal Income
2 Measuring GDP
- Expenditure Approach
- Income Approach
- Value-Added Approach
- Limitations of GDP
3 Price Indices and Inflation
- Consumer Price Index (CPI)
- Producer Price Index (PPI)
- GDP Deflator
- Measuring Inflation
4 Labor Market Indicators
- Unemployment Rate
- Labor Force Participation
- Types of Unemployment
- Natural Rate of Unemployment
09 Aggregate Demand and Supply 4 topics
1 Aggregate Demand
- Components of Aggregate Demand
- Determinants of Aggregate Demand
- Shifts in Aggregate Demand
- Aggregate Demand Curve
2 Aggregate Supply
- Short-run Aggregate Supply
- Long-run Aggregate Supply
- Determinants of Aggregate Supply
- Shifts in Aggregate Supply
3 Macroeconomic Equilibrium
- Short-run Equilibrium
- Long-run Equilibrium
- Output Gaps
- Price Level Determination
4 Economic Fluctuations
- Business Cycles
- Causes of Economic Fluctuations
- Recession and Depression
- Growth Cycles
10 Fiscal Policy 4 topics
1 Government Budget
- Revenue Sources
- Expenditure Categories
- Budget Deficit and Surplus
- Public Debt
2 Fiscal Policy Tools
- Government Spending
- Taxation
- Transfer Payments
- Automatic Stabilizers
3 Expansionary and Contractionary Policy
- Combating Recession
- Controlling Inflation
- Fiscal Multipliers
- Crowding Out Effect
4 Fiscal Policy Debates
- Keynesian vs. Classical Views
- Ricardian Equivalence
- Supply-side Economics
- Fiscal Sustainability
11 Monetary Policy and Banking 5 topics
1 Money and Banking
- Functions of Money
- Money Supply Measures
- Banking System Structure
- Financial Intermediation
2 Central Banking
- Structure and Functions
- Central Bank Independence
- Lender of Last Resort
- Bank Regulation
3 Monetary Policy Tools
- Open Market Operations
- Reserve Requirements
- Discount Rate
- Unconventional Monetary Policy
4 Monetary Policy Transmission
- Interest Rate Channel
- Credit Channel
- Exchange Rate Channel
- Asset Price Channel
5 Monetary Policy Strategies
- Inflation Targeting
- Price Level Targeting
- Nominal GDP Targeting
- Monetary Rules vs. Discretion
12 Inflation and Unemployment 4 topics
1 Inflation Theory
- Demand-Pull Inflation
- Cost-Push Inflation
- Built-in Inflation
- Hyperinflation
2 Effects of Inflation
- Redistributive Effects
- Shoe Leather and Menu Costs
- Tax Distortions
- Uncertainty and Investment
3 Unemployment Theory
- Frictional Unemployment
- Structural Unemployment
- Cyclical Unemployment
- Natural Rate Hypothesis
4 Phillips Curve
- Short-run Phillips Curve
- Long-run Phillips Curve
- Expectations-Augmented Phillips Curve
- Stagflation
13 Economic Growth 4 topics
1 Measurement and Facts
- GDP Growth Rate
- Per Capita Growth
- Productivity Measures
- Growth Accounting
2 Growth Theories
- Harrod-Domar Model
- Solow Growth Model
- Endogenous Growth Theory
- Unified Growth Theory
3 Sources of Growth
- Capital Accumulation
- Technological Progress
- Human Capital
- Institutions and Policies
4 Growth Policies
- Investment Incentives
- Research and Development
- Education and Training
- Institutional Reform
14 International Trade 4 topics
1 Theories of Trade
- Absolute Advantage
- Comparative Advantage
- Heckscher-Ohlin Model
- New Trade Theory
2 Trade Policy
- Tariffs
- Non-tariff Barriers
- Free Trade Agreements
- Trade Organizations
3 Trade Effects
- Gains from Trade
- Income Distribution Effects
- Terms of Trade
- Trade and Growth
4 Trade Issues
- Trade Deficits and Surpluses
- Protectionism
- Strategic Trade Policy
- Trade and Environment
15 International Finance 4 topics
1 Balance of Payments
- Current Account
- Capital and Financial Account
- Official Reserves Account
- Balance of Payments Adjustments
2 Exchange Rate Systems
- Fixed Exchange Rates
- Floating Exchange Rates
- Managed Float
- Currency Unions
3 Exchange Rate Determination
- Purchasing Power Parity
- Interest Rate Parity
- Asset Market Model
- Exchange Rate Overshooting
4 International Financial System
- International Monetary Fund
- World Bank
- Global Financial Crisis
- Financial Globalization
16 Development Economics 4 topics
1 Characteristics of Developing Countries
- Economic Indicators
- Social Indicators
- Structural Features
- Institutional Characteristics
2 Development Theories
- Linear Stages Models
- Structural Change Models
- Dependency Theory
- Neoclassical Counterrevolution
3 Development Strategies
- Import Substitution
- Export Promotion
- Balanced vs. Unbalanced Growth
- Big Push Theory
4 Development Issues
- Poverty and Inequality
- Population Growth
- Urbanization
- Environmental Sustainability
17 Environmental Economics 4 topics
1 Environmental Valuation
- Use and Non-use Values
- Revealed Preference Methods
- Stated Preference Methods
- Cost-Benefit Analysis
2 Environmental Policy
- Command and Control
- Market-Based Instruments
- Voluntary Approaches
- Information-Based Strategies
3 Natural Resource Economics
- Renewable Resources
- Non-renewable Resources
- Optimal Extraction
- Resource Conservation
4 Sustainable Development
- Weak vs. Strong Sustainability
- Indicators of Sustainability
- Green Accounting
- International Environmental Agreements
18 Behavioral Economics 4 topics
1 Bounded Rationality
- Satisficing
- Heuristics and Biases
- Prospect Theory
- Mental Accounting
2 Social Preferences
- Altruism
- Reciprocity
- Fairness and Equity
- Social Norms
3 Time Preferences
- Hyperbolic Discounting
- Self-control Problems
- Commitment Devices
- Present Bias
4 Behavioral Policy
- Nudging
- Choice Architecture
- Libertarian Paternalism
- Behavioral Welfare Economics
19 Digital and Technological Economics 4 topics
1 Digital Markets
- Network Effects
- Two-sided Markets
- Platform Competition
- Big Data Economics
2 Sharing Economy
- Collaborative Consumption
- Peer-to-Peer Markets
- Trust and Reputation Systems
- Regulatory Challenges
3 Technological Change
- Innovation Economics
- Intellectual Property Rights
- Creative Destruction
- General Purpose Technologies
4 Automation and Labor
- Skill-biased Technical Change
- Job Polarization
- AI and Future of Work
- Universal Basic Income
20 Contemporary Economic Challenges 4 topics
1 Globalization
- Economic Integration
- Global Value Chains
- Migration Economics
- Cultural and Social Impacts
2 Demographic Changes
- Aging Populations
- Pension Systems
- Healthcare Economics
- Intergenerational Equity
3 Financial Crises
- Banking Crises
- Currency Crises
- Sovereign Debt Crises
- Systemic Risk
4 Climate Change Economics
- Economics of Climate Change
- Carbon Pricing
- Renewable Energy Economics
- Climate Justice
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