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433
Sub Topics
1,186
MCQs
653
MCOs
999
True/False
512
Fill Blanks
162
Rearrange
483
Matching
279
Comprehensions
487
Flashcard Decks
Curriculum
What You'll Learn
01 Introduction to Abnormal Psychology 4 topics
1 Historical Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior
- Ancient Views and Treatments
- Middle Ages and Renaissance Perspectives
- The Enlightenment and Moral Treatment
- Early Psychological Approaches
2 Defining Abnormality
- Statistical Deviance
- Social Norms Violation
- Personal Distress
- Dysfunction and Maladaptiveness
- Cultural Considerations
3 Contemporary Models of Abnormal Psychology
- Biological Model
- Psychological Models (Psychodynamic, Behavioral, Cognitive, Humanistic)
- Sociocultural Model
- Biopsychosocial Approach
4 Classification and Diagnosis
- Evolution of Diagnostic Systems
- DSM-5-TR Overview
- ICD-11 Overview
- Dimensional vs. Categorical Approaches
- Criticisms of Classification Systems
02 Research Methods in Abnormal Psychology 4 topics
1 Scientific Approaches
- The Scientific Method
- Reliability and Validity
- Sampling Methods
2 Research Designs
- Case Studies
- Correlational Studies
- Experimental Methods
- Quasi-Experimental Designs
- Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Approaches
3 Assessment Methods
- Clinical Interviews
- Behavioral Assessment
- Psychological Testing
- Neuropsychological Assessment
- Neuroimaging Techniques
4 Ethical Considerations
- Informed Consent
- Confidentiality
- Protection from Harm
- Research with Vulnerable Populations
- Cultural Sensitivity
03 Neurodevelopmental Disorders 5 topics
1 Intellectual Developmental Disorders
- Etiology and Prevalence
- Assessment and Diagnosis
- Treatment and Support Approaches
2 Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Neurobiological and Environmental Factors
- Evidence-Based Interventions
- Lifespan Perspectives
3 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
- Symptoms and Subtypes
- Neurobiological Factors
- Assessment Methods
- Pharmacological and Behavioral Treatments
4 Specific Learning Disorders
- Reading Disorder (Dyslexia)
- Mathematics Disorder (Dyscalculia)
- Written Expression Disorder
- Assessment and Interventions
5 Motor Disorders
- Developmental Coordination Disorder
- Stereotypic Movement Disorder
- Tic Disorders and Tourette's Syndrome
04 Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders 5 topics
1 Schizophrenia
- Positive Symptoms
- Negative Symptoms
- Cognitive Symptoms
- Course and Prognosis
- Neurobiological Factors
2 Other Psychotic Disorders
- Schizoaffective Disorder
- Schizophreniform Disorder
- Brief Psychotic Disorder
- Delusional Disorder
3 Neurobiological and Genetic Factors
- Dopamine Hypothesis
- Glutamate Hypothesis
- Structural Brain Abnormalities
- Genetic Risk Factors
4 Psychosocial Factors
- Family Dynamics
- Expressed Emotion
- Social Drift Hypothesis
- Stress-Vulnerability Model
5 Treatment Approaches
- Antipsychotic Medications
- Psychosocial Interventions
- Rehabilitation Approaches
- Early Intervention Programs
05 Bipolar and Related Disorders 6 topics
1 Bipolar I Disorder
- Manic Episodes
- Hypomanic Episodes
- Major Depressive Episodes
- Mixed Episodes
- Course and Prognosis
2 Bipolar II Disorder
- Hypomanic Episodes
- Major Depressive Episodes
- Distinguishing from Bipolar I
3 Cyclothymic Disorder
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Course and Features
4 Substance/Medication-Induced Bipolar Disorder
- Differential Diagnosis
- Common Substances and Medications
5 Neurobiological Foundations
- Genetic Factors
- Neuroanatomical Changes
- Neurotransmitter Systems
6 Treatment Approaches
- Mood Stabilizers
- Atypical Antipsychotics
- Psychotherapy Approaches
- Electroconvulsive Therapy
06 Depressive Disorders 6 topics
1 Major Depressive Disorder
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Subtypes (Melancholic, Atypical, Psychotic)
- Recurrence and Chronicity
- Gender Differences
2 Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
- Diagnostic Features
- Course and Prognosis
3 Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Differentiation from PMS
4 Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
- Features in Children and Adolescents
- Differential Diagnosis
5 Etiological Factors
- Biological Factors
- Psychological Theories
- Social and Environmental Factors
6 Treatment Approaches
- Pharmacotherapy
- Psychotherapy (CBT, IPT, BA)
- Neurostimulation Techniques
- Complementary Approaches
07 Anxiety Disorders 8 topics
1 Specific Phobia
- Subtypes and Features
- Etiology and Maintenance
2 Social Anxiety Disorder
- Features and Diagnostic Criteria
- Impact on Functioning
3 Panic Disorder
- Panic Attacks
- Anticipatory Anxiety
- Physiological Mechanisms
4 Agoraphobia
- Diagnostic Features
- Relationship to Panic Disorder
5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Excessive Worry
- Physical Symptoms
- Cognitive Features
6 Separation Anxiety Disorder
- Developmental Considerations
- Features in Children vs. Adults
7 Neurobiological Mechanisms
- Neural Circuitry
- Genetic Factors
- Neurochemical Factors
8 Treatment Approaches
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
- Exposure Techniques
- Pharmacological Treatments
- Mindfulness-Based Approaches
08 Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 6 topics
1 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- Obsessions: Types and Features
- Compulsions: Types and Features
- Insight Specifiers
- Neurobiological Mechanisms
2 Body Dysmorphic Disorder
- Clinical Features
- Relationship to OCD
- Body Image Concerns
3 Hoarding Disorder
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Cognitive Features
- Impact on Functioning
4 Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)
- Features and Patterns
- Comorbidity
5 Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Relationship to Other OCD Spectrum Disorders
6 Treatment Approaches
- Exposure and Response Prevention
- Cognitive Therapy
- Pharmacological Approaches
- Habit Reversal Training
09 Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders 7 topics
1 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Intrusion Symptoms
- Avoidance
- Negative Alterations in Cognition and Mood
- Alterations in Arousal and Reactivity
2 Acute Stress Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Relationship to PTSD
3 Adjustment Disorders
- Subtypes
- Differential Diagnosis
4 Reactive Attachment Disorder
- Features in Children
- Developmental Impact
5 Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Developmental Considerations
6 Neurobiological Effects of Trauma
- HPA Axis Dysregulation
- Structural and Functional Brain Changes
- Epigenetic Effects
7 Treatment Approaches
- Trauma-Focused CBT
- EMDR
- Prolonged Exposure
- Pharmacological Approaches
10 Dissociative Disorders 6 topics
1 Dissociative Identity Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Alternate Identities
- Amnesia and Time Loss
- Controversy and Validity
2 Dissociative Amnesia
- Localized vs. Generalized
- Dissociative Fugue
- Mechanisms of Memory Disruption
3 Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
- Phenomenology
- Distinguishing Features
- Comorbidity
4 Etiology of Dissociative Disorders
- Trauma and Dissociation
- Developmental Factors
- Neurobiological Mechanisms
5 Assessment Approaches
- Structured Interviews
- Self-Report Measures
- Symptom Validity Assessment
6 Treatment Approaches
- Phase-Oriented Trauma Treatment
- Integration Techniques
- Stabilization Methods
11 Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders 6 topics
1 Somatic Symptom Disorder
- Diagnostic Criteria
- Psychological Factors
- Course and Prognosis
2 Illness Anxiety Disorder
- Distinguishing from Somatic Symptom Disorder
- Health-Related Anxiety
3 Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)
- Motor Symptoms
- Sensory Symptoms
- Neurobiological Mechanisms
4 Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions
- Stress and Physical Illness
- Illness Behavior
5 Factitious Disorder
- Imposed on Self
- Imposed on Another (Factitious Disorder by Proxy)
- Motivational Features
6 Treatment Approaches
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
- Mindfulness-Based Approaches
- Interdisciplinary Management
- Therapeutic Alliance
12 Feeding and Eating Disorders 7 topics
1 Anorexia Nervosa
- Restricting Type
- Binge-Eating/Purging Type
- Medical Complications
- Body Image Disturbance
2 Bulimia Nervosa
- Binge-Eating and Purging Cycles
- Compensatory Behaviors
- Physical Consequences
3 Binge-Eating Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Distinguishing from Bulimia
- Relationship to Obesity
4 Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
- Distinguishing from Anorexia
- Sensory Issues
- Developmental Considerations
5 Pica and Rumination Disorder
- Features and Assessment
- Medical Management
6 Risk Factors
- Biological Factors
- Psychological Factors
- Sociocultural Influences
- Family Dynamics
7 Treatment Approaches
- Family-Based Treatment
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
- Interpersonal Psychotherapy
- Nutritional Rehabilitation
13 Sleep-Wake Disorders 7 topics
1 Insomnia Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Sleep Physiology
- Cognitive and Behavioral Factors
2 Hypersomnolence Disorder
- Excessive Daytime Sleepiness
- Differential Diagnosis
3 Narcolepsy
- Types and Features
- Cataplexy
- Hypnagogic Hallucinations
4 Breathing-Related Sleep Disorders
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Central Sleep Apnea
- Impact on Health
5 Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders
- Delayed Sleep Phase Type
- Advanced Sleep Phase Type
- Shift Work Type
6 Parasomnias
- Non-REM Sleep Arousal Disorders
- Nightmare Disorder
- REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
7 Treatment Approaches
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia
- Sleep Hygiene
- Pharmacological Interventions
- Chronotherapy
14 Sexual Dysfunctions and Gender Dysphoria 5 topics
1 Sexual Dysfunctions
- Delayed Ejaculation
- Erectile Disorder
- Female Orgasmic Disorder
- Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder
- Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder
- Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
- Premature Ejaculation
2 Gender Dysphoria
- Diagnostic Features in Children
- Diagnostic Features in Adolescents and Adults
- Development and Course
- Cultural Considerations
3 Etiological Factors
- Biological Factors
- Psychological Factors
- Relational Dynamics
- Cultural Influences
4 Assessment Approaches
- Clinical Interviews
- Psychophysiological Assessment
- Self-Report Measures
5 Treatment Approaches
- Sex Therapy
- Couples Therapy
- Medical Interventions
- Gender-Affirming Approaches
15 Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders 7 topics
1 Oppositional Defiant Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Development and Course
- Distinguishing from Normal Development
2 Conduct Disorder
- Childhood-Onset Type
- Adolescent-Onset Type
- Limited Prosocial Emotions Specifier
3 Intermittent Explosive Disorder
- Features and Diagnosis
- Impulse Control
- Neurobiological Mechanisms
4 Pyromania and Kleptomania
- Diagnostic Features
- Motivational Aspects
5 Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Relationship to Conduct Disorder
- Adult Manifestations
6 Etiological Factors
- Genetic and Neurobiological Factors
- Family Factors
- Peer Influences
- Socioeconomic Factors
7 Treatment Approaches
- Parent Management Training
- Multisystemic Therapy
- Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches
- Pharmacological Interventions
16 Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders 7 topics
1 Substance Use Disorders
- Alcohol Use Disorder
- Cannabis Use Disorder
- Stimulant Use Disorders
- Opioid Use Disorder
- Sedative/Hypnotic Use Disorders
- Hallucinogen Use Disorders
2 Substance-Induced Disorders
- Intoxication
- Withdrawal
- Substance-Induced Mental Disorders
3 Neurobiological Mechanisms of Addiction
- Reward Pathways
- Tolerance and Dependence
- Craving and Relapse
4 Gambling Disorder
- Diagnostic Features
- Similarities to Substance Addictions
5 Other Behavioral Addictions
- Internet Gaming Disorder
- Emerging Concepts
6 Assessment Approaches
- Screening Methods
- Comprehensive Assessment
- Laboratory Tests
7 Treatment Approaches
- Detoxification
- Pharmacotherapy
- Behavioral Treatments
- Motivational Approaches
- Relapse Prevention
- Harm Reduction
17 Neurocognitive Disorders 5 topics
1 Delirium
- Diagnostic Features
- Etiology
- Course and Management
2 Major and Mild Neurocognitive Disorders
- Due to Alzheimer's Disease
- Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder
- Frontotemporal Neurocognitive Disorder
- Lewy Body Disease
- Traumatic Brain Injury
- Substance/Medication-Induced
- HIV Infection
- Prion Disease
- Parkinson's Disease
- Huntington's Disease
3 Cognitive Domains Affected
- Complex Attention
- Executive Function
- Learning and Memory
- Language
- Perceptual-Motor Function
- Social Cognition
4 Assessment Methods
- Neuropsychological Testing
- Functional Assessment
- Neuroimaging
5 Interventions and Management
- Pharmacological Approaches
- Cognitive Rehabilitation
- Environmental Modifications
- Caregiver Support
18 Personality Disorders 6 topics
1 Cluster A Personality Disorders
- Paranoid Personality Disorder
- Schizoid Personality Disorder
- Schizotypal Personality Disorder
2 Cluster B Personality Disorders
- Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Borderline Personality Disorder
- Histrionic Personality Disorder
- Narcissistic Personality Disorder
3 Cluster C Personality Disorders
- Avoidant Personality Disorder
- Dependent Personality Disorder
- Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
4 Alternative Models of Personality Disorders
- DSM-5 Alternative Model
- Dimensional Approaches
- Trait Models
5 Etiology and Development
- Genetic Factors
- Neurobiological Correlates
- Attachment and Early Experiences
- Temperament
6 Treatment Approaches
- Dialectical Behavior Therapy
- Schema Therapy
- Mentalization-Based Treatment
- Transference-Focused Psychotherapy
- Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches
19 Ethical and Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology 5 topics
1 Ethical Guidelines in Clinical Practice
- Confidentiality and Its Limits
- Informed Consent
- Multiple Relationships
- Cultural Competence
2 Legal Issues
- Civil Commitment
- Right to Treatment
- Right to Refuse Treatment
- Duty to Protect
3 Forensic Psychology
- Competency to Stand Trial
- Criminal Responsibility
- Risk Assessment
- Expert Testimony
4 Mental Health Legislation
- Historical Developments
- Current Legal Frameworks
- International Perspectives
5 Special Populations
- Children and Adolescents
- Older Adults
- Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
- Culturally Diverse Populations
20 Treatment of Psychological Disorders 6 topics
1 Historical Perspectives on Treatment
- Moral Treatment
- Psychoanalysis
- Behavior Therapy
- Development of Psychopharmacology
2 Psychotherapy Approaches
- Psychodynamic Therapies
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies
- Humanistic-Existential Approaches
- Family and Systems Therapies
- Integrative Approaches
3 Biological Treatments
- Psychopharmacology
- Electroconvulsive Therapy
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
- Neurofeedback
- Deep Brain Stimulation
4 Evidence-Based Practice
- Efficacy and Effectiveness
- Common Factors vs. Specific Techniques
- Treatment Selection
- Measurement-Based Care
5 Cultural Considerations in Treatment
- Cultural Adaptations
- Indigenous Healing Practices
- Culturally Competent Care
6 Future Directions in Treatment
- Personalized Medicine
- Technology-Assisted Interventions
- Prevention Approaches
- Recovery-Oriented Care
21 Contemporary Issues and Future Directions 6 topics
1 Dimensional Approaches to Psychopathology
- Research Domain Criteria (RDoC)
- Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)
- Network Analysis
2 Transdiagnostic Processes
- Emotional Regulation
- Cognitive Biases
- Interpersonal Processes
- Experiential Avoidance
3 Neuroscience and Psychopathology
- Neuroimaging Advances
- Epigenetics
- Neuroplasticity
- Computational Approaches
4 Global Mental Health
- Cross-Cultural Validity
- Mental Health Disparities
- Low-Resource Settings
- Scalable Interventions
5 Prevention Science
- Universal Prevention
- Selective Prevention
- Indicated Prevention
- Implementation Science
6 Emerging Technologies
- Digital Phenotyping
- Virtual Reality Applications
- Artificial Intelligence in Assessment and Treatment
- Telehealth Innovations
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