Study global human rights frameworks and treaties
235
Sub Topics
665
MCQs
380
MCOs
540
True/False
291
Fill Blanks
105
Rearrange
250
Matching
142
Comprehensions
255
Flashcard Decks
Curriculum
What You'll Learn
01 Foundations of International Human Rights Law 4 topics
1 Historical Development
- Natural Law Traditions
- Post-World War II Emergence
- Decolonization and Human Rights
2 Theoretical Foundations
- Universalism vs. Cultural Relativism
- Generations of Rights
- Legal Positivism and Human Rights
3 Sources of International Human Rights Law
- Treaties and Conventions
- Customary International Law
- General Principles
- Soft Law Instruments
4 Relationship with Other Fields of International Law
- International Humanitarian Law
- International Criminal Law
- International Refugee Law
- International Labor Law
02 International Bill of Human Rights 4 topics
1 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)
- Drafting History
- Legal Status
- Impact and Influence
2 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966)
- Substantive Rights
- Optional Protocols
- Derogation and Limitation
3 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)
- Substantive Rights
- Progressive Realization
- Minimum Core Obligations
4 Interdependence and Indivisibility of Rights
- Vienna Declaration (1993)
- Holistic Approach to Human Rights
03 International Human Rights Institutions 3 topics
1 United Nations System
- Human Rights Council
- Universal Periodic Review
- Special Procedures (Special Rapporteurs, Working Groups)
- Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
2 Treaty-Based Bodies
- Human Rights Committee
- Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
- Committee Against Torture
- Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
- Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
- Committee on the Rights of the Child
- Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
- Committee on Enforced Disappearances
- Committee on Migrant Workers
3 Regional Human Rights Systems
- European System (ECHR, EU)
- Inter-American System (OAS)
- African System (African Charter)
- Arab Human Rights System
- ASEAN Human Rights Declaration
04 Civil and Political Rights 8 topics
1 Right to Life
- Capital Punishment
- Extrajudicial Killings
- Duty to Protect
2 Prohibition of Torture and Ill-Treatment
- Definition of Torture
- Non-Refoulement
- Extraordinary Rendition
3 Right to Liberty and Security
- Arbitrary Detention
- Pre-trial Detention
- Habeas Corpus
4 Right to Fair Trial
- Presumption of Innocence
- Trial Guarantees
- Access to Justice
5 Freedom of Expression
- Limits on Free Speech
- Hate Speech
- Digital Rights
6 Freedom of Religion or Belief
- Forum Internum and Forum Externum
- Religious Minorities
- Conscientious Objection
7 Right to Privacy
- Data Protection
- Surveillance
- Sexual Autonomy
8 Political Participation
- Right to Vote
- Democratic Governance
- Freedom of Association and Assembly
05 Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 7 topics
1 Right to an Adequate Standard of Living
- Right to Food
- Right to Water
- Right to Housing
2 Right to Health
- Access to Healthcare
- Public Health
- Mental Health
3 Right to Education
- Primary Education
- Higher Education
- Education Quality
4 Labor Rights
- Fair Working Conditions
- Trade Union Rights
- Prohibition of Forced Labor
5 Right to Social Security
- Social Protection Systems
- Poverty Reduction
- Minimum Income
6 Cultural Rights
- Cultural Identity
- Protection of Cultural Heritage
- Scientific Progress
7 Right to Development
- Collective vs. Individual Dimension
- Sustainable Development
- Economic Justice
06 Group Rights and Vulnerable Populations 9 topics
1 Women's Rights
- Gender-Based Violence
- Reproductive Rights
- Gender Equality
2 Children's Rights
- Best Interests Principle
- Protection from Abuse
- Child Labor
3 Rights of Persons with Disabilities
- Accessibility
- Reasonable Accommodation
- Legal Capacity
4 Indigenous Peoples' Rights
- Self-Determination
- Land Rights
- Cultural Preservation
5 Minority Rights
- Linguistic Rights
- Religious Freedom
- Non-Discrimination
6 LGBTQ+ Rights
- Non-Discrimination
- Recognition of Relationships
- Gender Identity
7 Rights of Refugees and Asylum Seekers
- Non-Refoulement
- Refugee Status Determination
- Rights in Host Countries
8 Rights of Migrant Workers
- Labor Protection
- Family Reunification
- Irregular Migration
9 Rights of Older Persons
- Elder Care
- Social Protection
- Autonomy and Dignity
07 Implementation and Enforcement Mechanisms 7 topics
1 State Reporting Procedures
- Periodic Reports
- Constructive Dialogue
- Concluding Observations
2 Individual Complaint Procedures
- Admissibility
- Substantive Review
- Remedies
3 Interstate Complaints
- Procedural Requirements
- Diplomatic Considerations
- Case Studies
4 Inquiry Procedures
- Grave or Systematic Violations
- Country Visits
- Reports and Recommendations
5 Universal Periodic Review
- Methodology
- Follow-up
- Impact Assessment
6 Role of NGOs and Civil Society
- Shadow Reports
- Advocacy Strategies
- Human Rights Defenders
7 Technical Cooperation and Capacity Building
- UN Programs
- Bilateral Assistance
- National Capacity Building
08 National Implementation of Human Rights 7 topics
1 National Human Rights Institutions
- Paris Principles
- Models and Types
- Functions and Powers
2 Domestic Incorporation of Human Rights Treaties
- Monist vs. Dualist Systems
- Direct Applicability
- Implementing Legislation
3 Role of Domestic Courts
- Constitutional Review
- Treaty Interpretation
- Remedy Provision
4 National Human Rights Action Plans
- Development Process
- Implementation Strategies
- Monitoring and Evaluation
5 Human Rights Indicators
- Structural Indicators
- Process Indicators
- Outcome Indicators
6 Human Rights Impact Assessment
- Public Policy
- Business Activities
- Development Projects
7 Human Rights Education
- Formal Education
- Professional Training
- Public Awareness
09 Business and Human Rights 6 topics
1 UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
- Protect, Respect, Remedy Framework
- Corporate Due Diligence
- Access to Remedy
2 Corporate Accountability
- Extraterritorial Jurisdiction
- Supply Chain Responsibility
- Parent Company Liability
3 Human Rights Impact Assessments
- Methodology
- Stakeholder Engagement
- Remediation
4 Specific Industry Sectors
- Extractive Industries
- Technology and Privacy
- Pharmaceutical Industry
5 Investment and Trade
- Human Rights Clauses
- Investor-State Dispute Settlement
- Trade Agreements
6 Corporate Human Rights Reporting
- Disclosure Requirements
- Benchmarking
- ESG Integration
10 Contemporary Challenges in Human Rights 8 topics
1 Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism
- Security vs. Liberty
- State of Emergency
- Targeted Sanctions
2 Climate Change and Human Rights
- Environmental Justice
- Climate Refugees
- Intergenerational Equity
3 Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies
- Algorithmic Discrimination
- Privacy and Surveillance
- Digital Divide
4 Poverty and Inequality
- Economic Rights Implementation
- Structural Discrimination
- Global Economic Order
5 Migration and Border Control
- Externalization Policies
- Detention Practices
- Search and Rescue
6 Armed Conflict and Human Rights
- Protection of Civilians
- Accountability for Violations
- Post-Conflict Justice
7 Pandemics and Public Health Emergencies
- Limitations on Rights
- Access to Healthcare
- Vaccine Equity
8 Rise of Authoritarianism and Populism
- Civic Space Restrictions
- Rule of Law Challenges
- Democratic Backsliding
11 Future Directions in International Human Rights Law 6 topics
1 Reform of the UN Human Rights System
- Institutional Reform
- Treaty Body Strengthening
- Response to Non-Compliance
2 New and Emerging Rights
- Right to a Healthy Environment
- Right to Peace
- Digital Rights
3 Responsibility to Protect
- Prevention
- Intervention
- Rebuilding
4 Non-State Actors and Human Rights Obligations
- Armed Groups
- International Organizations
- De Facto Authorities
5 Human Rights Cities and Local Governance
- Urban Rights
- Local Implementation
- City Networks
6 Global Justice Mechanisms
- Universal Jurisdiction
- Regional Courts
- International Criminal Court
12 Case Law and Jurisprudence 6 topics
1 European Court of Human Rights
- Leading Cases
- Interpretive Approaches
- Implementation Challenges
2 Inter-American Court of Human Rights
- Progressive Jurisprudence
- Reparations
- Provisional Measures
3 African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
- Emerging Jurisprudence
- Relationship with Commission
- Access Issues
4 UN Treaty Bodies
- General Comments
- Individual Communications
- Jurisprudential Trends
5 Domestic Courts
- Strategic Litigation
- Comparative Approaches
- Transjudicial Dialogue
6 International Court of Justice
- Advisory Opinions
- Contentious Cases
- Human Rights Considerations
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