Understand networking protocols and distributed systems
241
Sub Topics
724
MCQs
396
MCOs
536
True/False
314
Fill Blanks
126
Rearrange
305
Matching
158
Comprehensions
282
Flashcard Decks
Curriculum
What You'll Learn
01 Introduction to Computer Networks 4 topics
1 Network Fundamentals
- Definition and Purpose of Computer Networks
- Evolution of Computer Networks
- Benefits and Applications of Networking
2 Network Classifications
- Based on Scale (PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN)
- Based on Connection Method (Wired, Wireless)
- Based on Functional Relationship (Client-Server, Peer-to-Peer)
3 Network Architectures
- Centralized Networks
- Distributed Networks
- Decentralized Networks
4 Network Performance Metrics
- Bandwidth and Throughput
- Latency and Jitter
- Error Rate and Packet Loss
- Quality of Service (QoS)
02 Network Models and Standards 3 topics
1 Layered Network Models
- OSI Reference Model
- TCP/IP Model
- Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP Models
2 Standards Organizations
- IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
- IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
- ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
- ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
3 Protocol Standards and RFC Process
- Request for Comments (RFC)
- Protocol Standardization Process
- Important RFCs in Network History
03 Physical Layer 4 topics
1 Transmission Media
- Guided Media (Twisted Pair, Coaxial, Fiber Optic)
- Unguided Media (Radio, Microwave, Infrared)
- Characteristics and Comparison
2 Digital Transmission
- Digital Signals and Bit Rate
- Digital-to-Digital Conversion
- Analog-to-Digital Conversion
3 Multiplexing Techniques
- Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)
- Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)
- Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)
- Code Division Multiplexing (CDM)
4 Physical Layer Standards
- Ethernet Physical Standards (10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, etc.)
- Wireless Physical Standards (802.11)
- Mobile Network Physical Standards (5G, LTE)
04 Data Link Layer 6 topics
1 Data Link Layer Fundamentals
- Framing
- Error Detection and Correction
- Flow Control
2 Error Detection and Correction
- Parity Check
- Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
- Hamming Code
- Forward Error Correction (FEC)
3 Medium Access Control (MAC)
- Random Access Protocols (ALOHA, CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA)
- Controlled Access Protocols (Token Ring, Token Bus)
- Channelization Protocols
4 Link Layer Addressing
- MAC Addressing
- Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
- Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
5 Ethernet Technology
- Ethernet Standards and Evolution
- Ethernet Frame Format
- Ethernet Switching
- Virtual LANs (VLANs)
6 Wireless LANs
- IEEE 802.11 Architecture
- MAC Layer in 802.11
- Frame Structure in 802.11
- Wi-Fi Security
05 Network Layer 6 topics
1 Network Layer Services
- Logical Addressing
- Routing
- Packet Forwarding
- Fragmentation and Reassembly
2 IPv4 Addressing
- IPv4 Address Structure
- Address Classes (A, B, C, D, E)
- Subnet Masking
- Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
- Network Address Translation (NAT)
- Private vs. Public Addresses
3 IPv6
- IPv6 Address Structure
- IPv6 Address Types
- IPv6 Features and Benefits
- Transition from IPv4 to IPv6
4 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
- ICMP Messages and Types
- ICMP Applications (Ping, Traceroute)
- ICMPv6
5 Routing Algorithms
- Distance Vector Routing
- Link State Routing
- Path Vector Routing
6 Routing Protocols
- Interior Gateway Protocols (RIP, OSPF, EIGRP)
- Exterior Gateway Protocols (BGP)
- Multicast Routing
- Mobile IP
06 Transport Layer 5 topics
1 Transport Layer Services
- Process-to-Process Communication
- Addressing (Port Numbers)
- Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
- Reliability and Flow Control
2 User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
- UDP Characteristics
- UDP Segment Structure
- UDP Applications
- UDP Checksum
3 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
- TCP Characteristics
- TCP Segment Structure
- TCP Connection Management (3-way Handshake)
- TCP Flow Control
- TCP Error Control
- TCP Congestion Control
- TCP Timer Management
4 TCP Variants and Enhancements
- TCP Tahoe and Reno
- TCP Vegas
- TCP SACK
- TCP for High-Speed Networks
5 QUIC Protocol
- QUIC Features and Benefits
- Comparison with TCP
- QUIC Applications
07 Application Layer 7 topics
1 Client-Server Model
- Server Types and Functions
- Client Types and Functions
- Socket Programming
2 Domain Name System (DNS)
- DNS Architecture
- DNS Name Resolution Process
- DNS Record Types
- DNS Security (DNSSEC)
3 World Wide Web and HTTP
- HTTP Protocol
- HTTP Methods
- HTTP Status Codes
- HTTP/2 and HTTP/3
- Cookies and State Management
4 File Transfer Protocols
- FTP
- SFTP and FTPS
- Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
5 Email Protocols
- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
- Post Office Protocol (POP3)
- Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
- MIME Extensions
6 Network Management
- Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
- Management Information Base (MIB)
- Remote Monitoring (RMON)
7 Multimedia Networking
- Streaming Protocols (RTSP, RTP, RTCP)
- Voice over IP (VoIP)
- Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
08 Network Security 6 topics
1 Security Fundamentals
- Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability
- Authentication and Authorization
- Non-repudiation
- Threat Models
2 Cryptographic Techniques
- Symmetric Key Cryptography
- Asymmetric Key Cryptography
- Hash Functions
- Digital Signatures
- Digital Certificates
3 Network Security Protocols
- Transport Layer Security (TLS) and SSL
- IPSec
- Secure Shell (SSH)
- Wireless Security Protocols (WEP, WPA, WPA2, WPA3)
4 Network Attacks and Defenses
- Denial of Service Attacks
- Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
- Packet Sniffing
- IP Spoofing
- ARP Poisoning
5 Firewalls and Intrusion Detection
- Packet Filtering Firewalls
- Stateful Firewalls
- Application Layer Firewalls
- Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)
- Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS)
6 Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
- VPN Technologies
- VPN Tunneling Protocols
- VPN Architecture and Implementation
09 Software-Defined Networking (SDN) 4 topics
1 SDN Architecture
- Control Plane and Data Plane Separation
- SDN Controllers
- Northbound and Southbound Interfaces
2 OpenFlow Protocol
- OpenFlow Architecture
- Flow Tables
- OpenFlow Messages and Operations
3 Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
- NFV Architecture
- NFV Infrastructure
- NFV Management and Orchestration
4 SDN Applications
- Traffic Engineering
- Network Virtualization
- Security Applications
10 Cloud Networking 4 topics
1 Cloud Computing Fundamentals
- Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
- Cloud Deployment Models (Public, Private, Hybrid)
- Cloud Architecture
2 Cloud Network Infrastructure
- Virtual Networks
- Network as a Service (NaaS)
- Software-Defined WAN (SD-WAN)
3 Cloud Network Security
- Security Challenges in Cloud Networks
- Cloud Security Controls
- Secure Access Service Edge (SASE)
4 Multi-Cloud Networking
- Multi-Cloud Architecture
- Inter-Cloud Connectivity
- Traffic Management in Multi-Cloud Environments
11 Internet of Things (IoT) Networking 4 topics
1 IoT Architecture
- IoT Layers and Components
- Edge Computing
- Fog Computing
2 IoT Communication Protocols
- Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN)
- Short-Range Communication Protocols (Bluetooth, Zigbee, Z-Wave)
- Application Layer Protocols (MQTT, CoAP, AMQP)
3 IoT Security
- Security Challenges in IoT
- IoT Device Security
- IoT Network Security
4 Industrial IoT (IIoT)
- IIoT Architecture
- Industrial Communication Protocols
- IIoT Applications
12 5G and Beyond 4 topics
1 5G Architecture
- 5G Core Network
- 5G Radio Access Network
- Network Slicing
2 5G Technologies
- Massive MIMO
- Millimeter Wave (mmWave)
- Beamforming
- Small Cells
3 5G Applications
- Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)
- Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC)
- Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC)
4 Beyond 5G: Future Network Technologies
- 6G Research Directions
- Terahertz Communications
- Quantum Networking
- Holographic Communication
13 Network Performance and Optimization 4 topics
1 Network Performance Analysis
- Performance Metrics and Measurement
- Network Monitoring Tools
- Traffic Analysis
2 Traffic Engineering
- Load Balancing Techniques
- Quality of Service Implementation
- Traffic Shaping and Policing
3 Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)
- CDN Architecture
- Content Caching Strategies
- CDN Performance Optimization
4 Network Simulation and Modeling
- Network Simulation Tools
- Traffic Models
- Performance Prediction
14 Network Design and Implementation 4 topics
1 Network Design Principles
- Hierarchical Network Design
- Redundancy and High Availability
- Scalability and Modularity
2 Enterprise Network Design
- Campus Network Design
- Data Center Network Design
- Branch Office Connectivity
3 Network Implementation
- Implementation Planning
- Network Documentation
- Testing and Validation
4 Network Management
- Configuration Management
- Change Management
- Fault Management
- Performance Management
15 Emerging Network Technologies and Trends 4 topics
1 Network Automation
- Infrastructure as Code
- Network Programmability
- Intent-Based Networking
2 Artificial Intelligence in Networking
- AI for Network Management
- AI-Driven Security
- Predictive Network Analytics
3 Next-Generation Network Architectures
- Zero Trust Network Architecture
- Service Mesh
- Blockchain-Based Networks
4 Green Networking
- Energy-Efficient Network Design
- Sustainable Network Technologies
- Carbon Footprint Reduction Strategies
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